One's interpretation will undoubtedly be influenced by one's eschatology, e.g., Amil, Postmil, Premil, or ?? Since I believe that the nation of Israel was temporal and has been cast off I see no future return of that nation since all has been fulfilled in Christ. The true Israel is and always has been the Church (Rom 6:16; Acts 7:38) and thus God's promises and calling are sure and unchanging. And so, I like Irons and many others, hold that Paul means: 'all the elect Jews' will be saved along with the elect Gentiles and thus 'all Israel' will surely be saved. Peter essentially says the same thing in 2Pet 3:9, speaking to his Jewish readers:


"The Lord is not slack concerning his promise, as some men count slackness; but is longsuffering to us-ward, not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance."


IF you are interested, this view of Israel and its future is further discussed here:

- Prophesy and the Israeli State, by John Wilmot
- Are Restoration Prophesies Being Fulfilled Today?, by William Hendriksen
- What is the Meaning of 'Israel'?, by William Hendriksen

In His grace,

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simul iustus et peccator

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